History of Animation

Zaharudin G. Djalle Animation is a technique that is used in many movies in the world today. Both as a unity of the whole, part of a movie, and unite with the film live. World movie actually stems from the photography, while the animation stems from the world of images, which are illustrated in graphic design (design, visual communication). Through the history of each, both photography and illustration to get existent and new dimensions in the live and animated movies. Can be said that the animation is a medium that was born from the two conventions or discipline, namely movies and pictures. To be able to understand and use animation techniques, the two conventions must be understood and understandable. Movies, usually used to record a situation, or propose something. Film used to meet the needs of a general, the efforts of ideas, messages or reality. Because the unique dimension be measured, and because of the nature of 'hiburan'nya, the film has been accepted as one of the audio-visual media the most popular and favored. Because it is also considered as the most effective media. To make the movie in the media are the main two problems that must be faced, namely technical problems and film techniques to raise the issue with the film or something called a technical presentation. Similarly with things that should be known in the animation movie, the animation technique problems, technical issues and efforts to something with animation techniques. Often the word 'communication techniques' more intimate said' art to communicate. In fact this is very closely related to the various areas of arts activities, both visual and verbal or teateral. For a planner, communications, this activity is very important to understand. A film will have problem make a film techniques and art film. ENGINEERING origin animated films Human desire to create an image or santiran (image) is alive and moving as pantara from disclosure (expression) them, is a manifestation of the basic form of animation that life evolved. The word 'animation' itself is the actual adjustment of the word 'animation', a word derived from the basic to the Animate ', in general English dictionary lndonesia-turn means (Wojowasito 1997). In general, animation is an activity turn, moves objects, dead; a dead object given encouragement strength, spirit and emotions to be alive and moving, or the only effective life. In fact, since the first era, people have tried to picture the animated movement of their animals, such as those found by experts in ancient caves in Lascaux, North Spain, is aged two hundred thousand years more; They were trying to flee capture fast movement of animals, such as wild boar. Bison or horse, representational practices with eight legs in different positions and piled (Hallas and Manvell 1973:23). Ancient Egyptians turn their image with a sequence of images that are the pegulat struggle, as wall decorations. Created around 2000 before Christ (Thomas 1958:8) Japan's ancient painting shows a flow chart of life stories, with a chance of drawing plans, created in the Heian period (794-1192) (encyclopaedia 'Americana' volume 19, 1976). Then appears a toy called Thaumatrope about 19th century in Europe, in the form of a thick sheet of cardboard disc, image bird in the cage, a second right hand left tied seutas talii when dipilin with hands santir will provide a picture of birds that move (Laybourne 1978:18). Until the year 1880-an, Jean Marey use the camera beruntun record continuously movement of birds flying, various human activities and other animals. A tool that embryo become a movie camera life growing up at this time. And in the year 1892, Emile Reynauld toys to develop animated images ayng called Praxinoscope, a series of hundreds of animated images that play and projected on a mirror into a film movement, a tool embryo projector in the cinema (Laybourne 1978:23). Both beginners creator of the movie theaters, comes from the French ini.dianggapsebagai early opening of the development of film animation techniques (Ensiklopedi '. Americana'vol. VI, 1976:740) Ten years after the movie and life with advanced rapidly in his late 19th century. In 1908, Emile Cohl beginners from the French film animation simple form figures stem lighter. Series of images blabar black (black-line) made on the white sheet, with the photophobia film negative, so the figures appear to be white and a black background. While in the United States Winsor McCay animated film "Gertie the Dinosaur" in the year of 1909. Figure drawn black blabar with a white background. Following the completion in the following years, the animator United States began to develop a technique Movie animation around the year 1913 until the early 1920s; Max Fleischer developed "The Ko Ko Clown "and Pat Sullivan made the" Felix the Cat. "Chain pictures made as simple as possible, in which the figures blabar drawn in black silhouette or united with background back blabar basic black or otherwise made. McCay make a formula film with the calculation time, 16 times each second image in the movement Fleischer and Sullivan have used the technique of animation Sell, the see-through sheets of material seluloid (celluloid), which is called "cell". Beginner other in Germany, Lotte Reineger, in the years 1919 to develop animated movies shadow, and Bertosch from France, in the 1930 experiment to create animated films with a reduced figureyang comes from pieces of wood. The following is a picture of "Gertie the Dinosaurs," and "Felix the Cat" George Pal start using dolls as figures in the animated short film, in 1934 in the Netherlands. Alexsander Ptushko and from Russia to create a dummy length animated movie "The New Gulliver" in 1935. In 1935 Len Lye from Canada, started drawing directly on the film after entering the refurbishment of the color film through the film "Color of the Box." The development of film animation Technique the most important, namely in the years around 1930's. Which appears in the animated film voiced by the Walt Disney herself from the United States, through the movie "Mickey Mouse", "Donald Duck" and "Silly Symphony" made during the years 1928 to 1940. In the 1931 Disney animated film in the first color film "Flower and Trees." And the animated cartoon movie made the first long Disney in 1938, the movie "Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs." However origin of the animated film technique, which continues to grow with the style and characteristics of each manufacturer in various countries in Europe, the United States and spread to countries in Asia. Especially in Japan, movie cartoons developed rapidly in there, until the decade grip on the market this year animated cartoon movie here. spongbob is one of the animation 2 demensi that this very adult   info: http://su-art1.com/